REFERENCES

AFFORDABLE DEBT ESTIMATE

Carlson, A and Zaback K 2014. Moving the Needle: How Financial Aid Policies Can Help States Meet Student Completion Goals. State Highher Educatoin Executive Officers (SHEEO), Boulder CO.   http://www.sheeo.org/sites/default/files/publications/Moving_the_Needle_041414.pdf. Last accessed 01-Aug-2017.

Tandberg, D, Ladreman, S, and Carlson, A. 2017.  A Federal-State Partnership for True College Affordability. State Highher Educatoin Executive Officers (SHEEO), Boulder CO. http://www.sheeo.org/sites/default/files/publications/Federal-State_Partnership_for_True_College_Affordability.pdf. Last accessed 01-Aug-2017.

GENERAL

Fergus, M. 2013. Minnesota State Grants: A Brief Overview. [PowerPoint slides]. Pers Comm. (September 27, 2013).

Fridley, J.L. and Sharpe, R.E. 2016. Advancing Understanding of Affordability in Washington State: An Interactive Model Exploring Student Higher Education Financing.  J. of Education Finance 41(4):473-487.

MEDIAN FAMILY INCOME

State Median Income Estimates for Four‐Person Families (1995 FY); Notice of the Fiscal Year (FY) 1995 State Median Income Estimates for Use Under the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Fiscal Administered by the Administration for Children and Families, Office of Community Services, Division of Energy Assistance. Notice of estimated state median income for FY 1995. Office of Community Services, Department of Health and Human Services. Federal Register Volume 59, Number 47 (Thursday, March 10, 1994).  https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-1994-03-10/html/94-5538.htm  Last accessed 30-Jul-2016.

State Median Income Estimates for Four‐Person Families (FY 1996); Notice of the Fiscal Year (FY) 1996 State Median Income Estimates for Use Under the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP) Administered by the Administration for Children and Families, Office of Community Services, Division of Energy Assistance. Notice of estimated state median income for FY 1996.  Administration for Children and Families, Department of Health and Human Services. Federal Register Volume 60, Number 61 (Thursday, March 30, 1995): 16479-16480.  https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-1995-03-30/pdf/95-7741.pdf  Last accessed 30-Jul-2016.

State Median Income Estimates for Four‐Person Families (FY 1997); Notice of the Fiscal Year (FY) 1997 State Median Income Estimates for Use Under the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP)  Administered by the Administration for Children and Families, Office of Community Services, Division of Energy Assistance. Notice of estimated state median income for FY 1997.  Office of Community Services, Administration for Children and Families, Department of Health and Human Services. Federal Register Volume 61, Number 54 (Tuesday March 19, 1996): 11212-11213.  https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-1996-03-19/pdf/96-6590.pdf  Last accessed 30-Jul-2016.

State Median Income Estimates for Four‐Person Families (FY 1998); Notice of the Fiscal Year (FY) 1998 State Median Income Estimates for Use Under the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP) Administered by the Administration for Children and Families, Office of Community Services, Division of Energy Assistance.  Notice of estimated state median income for FY 1998.  Office of Community Services, Administration for Children and Families, Department of Health and Human Services.  Federal Register Volume 62, Number 51 (Monday March 17, 1997): 12651-12652.  https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-1997-03-17/pdf/97-6606.pdf   Last accessed 30-Jul-2016.

State Median Income Estimates for Four‐Person Families (FY 1999); Notice of the Fiscal Year (FY) 1999 State Median Income Estimates for Use Under the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP).  Notice of estimated state median income for FY 1999.  Office of Community Services, Administration for Children and Families, Office of Community Services; Department of Health and Human Services.  Federal Register Volume 63, Number 34 (Friday February 20, 1998): 8650-8651.  https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-1998-02-20/pdf/98-4355.pdf   Last accessed 30-Jul-2016.

State Median Income Estimates for Four‐Person Families (FY 2000); Notice of the Fiscal Year (FY) 2000 State Median Income Estimates for Use Under the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP) Administered by the Administration for Children and Families, Office of Community Services, Division of Energy Assistance.  Notice of estimated state median income for FY 2000.  Office of Community Services, Administration for Children and FamiliesDepartment of Health and Human Services,  Federal Register Volume 64, Number 38 (Friday February 26, 1999): 9513-9514.  https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-1999-02-26/pdf/99-4748.pdf  Last accessed 30-Jul-2016.

State Median Income Estimates for Four‐Person Families (FY 2001); Notice of the Fiscal Year (FY) 2001 State Median Income Estimates for Use Under the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP) Administered by the Administration for Children and Families, Office of Community Services, Division of Energy Assistance.  Notice of estimated state median income for FY 2001.  Office of Community Services, Administration for Children and FamiliesDepartment of Health and Human Services,  Federal Register Volume 65, Number 47 (Thursday March 9, 2000): 12555-12556.  https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2000-03-09/pdf/00-5679.pdf  Last accessed 30-Jul-2016.

State Median Income Estimates for Four‐Person Families (FFY 2002); Notice of the Federal Fiscal Year (FFY) 2002 State Median Income Estimates for Use Under the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP) Administered by the Administration for Children and Families, Office of Community Services, Division of Energy Assistance.  Notice of estimated state median income for FFY 2002 – Correction.  Office of Community Services, Administration for Children and FamiliesDepartment of Health and Human Services,  Federal Register Volume 66, Number 56 (Thursday March 22, 2001): 16060-16061.  https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2001-03-22/pdf/01-7112.pdf  Last accessed 30-Jul-2016.

State Median Income Estimates for Four‐Person Families (FFY 2003); Notice of the Federal Fiscal Year (FFY) 2003 State Median Income Estimates for Use Under the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP) Administered by the Administration for Children and Families, Office of Community Services, Division of Energy Assistance.  Notice of estimated state median income for FFY 2003.  Office of Community Services, Administration for Children and FamiliesDepartment of Health and Human Services,  Federal Register Volume 67, Number 20 (Wednesday January 30, 2002): 4454-4455.  https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2002-01-30/pdf/02-2224.pdf  Last accessed 30-Jul-2016.

State Median Income Estimates for a Four‐Person Family (FFY 2004); Notice of the Federal Fiscal Year (FFY) 2004 State Median Income Estimates for Use Under the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP) Administered by the Administration for Children and Families, Office of Community Services, Division of Energy Assistance.  Notice of estimated state median income for FFY 2004.  Office of Community Services, Administration for Children and FamiliesDepartment of Health and Human Services,  Federal Register Volume 68, Number 72 (Tuesday April 15, 2003): 18230-18232.  https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2003-04-15/pdf/03-9088.pdf  Last accessed 30-Jul-2016.

State Median Income Estimates for a Four‐Person Family (FFY 2005); Notice of the Federal Fiscal Year (FFY) 2005 State Median Income Estimates for Use Under the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP) Administered by the Administration for Children and Families, Office of Community Services, Division of Energy Assistance.  Notice of estimated state median income for FFY 2005.  Office of Community Services, Administration for Children and FamiliesDepartment of Health and Human Services,  Federal Register Volume 69, Number 52 (Wednesday, March 17, 2004): 12698-12700.  https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2004-03-17/pdf/04-5931.pdf  Last accessed 30-Jul-2016.

State Median Income Estimates for a Four‐Person Family (FFY 2006); Notice of the Federal Fiscal Year (FFY) 2006 State Median Income Estimates for Use Under the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP) Administration by the Administration for Children and Families, Office of Community Services, Division of Energy Assistance.  Notice of estimated state median income for FFY 2006.  Office of Community Services, Administration for Children and FamiliesDepartment of Health and Human Services,  Federal Register Volume 70, Number 32 (Thursday, February 17, 2005): 8102-8104.  https://www.federalregister.gov/d/05-3088  Last accessed 01-Mar-2017.

State Median Income Estimates for a Four‐Person Family (FFY 2007); Notice of the Federal Fiscal Year (FFY) 2007 State Median Income Estimates for Use Under the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP) Administered by the Administration for Children and Families, Office of Community Services, Division of Energy Assistance.  Notice of estimated state median income for FFY 2007.  Office of Community Services, Administration for Children and FamiliesDepartment of Health and Human Services,  Federal Register Volume 71, Number 39 (Tuesday, February 28, 2006): 10037-10039.  https://www.federalregister.gov/d/E6-2754  Last accessed 01-Mar-17

State Median Income Estimate for a Four-Person Family: Notice of the Federal Fiscal Year (FFY) 2008 State Median Income Estimates for Use Under the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP), Administered by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), Administration for Children and Families, Office of Community Services, Division of Energy Assistance. 78 FR 28597.  https://www.federalregister.gov/d/E7-5631  Last accessed 01-Mar-2017.

State Median Income Estimate for a Four-Person Family: Notice of the Federal Fiscal Year (FFY) 2009 State Median Income Estimates for Use Under the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP) (CFDA Number 93.568) Administered by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), Administration for Children and Families, Office of Community Services, Division of Energy Assistance. 73 FR 11924.  https://www.federalregister.gov/d/E8-4190  Last accessed 01-Mar-2017.

State Median Income Estimate for a Four-Person Family: Notice of the Federal Fiscal Year (FFY) 2010 State Median Income Estimates for Use Under the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP) (Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance Number 93.568) Administered by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), Administration for Children and Families, Office of Community Services, Division of Energy Assistance. 74 FR 10922.  https://www.federalregister.gov/d/E9-5412  Last accessed 01-Mar-2017.

State Median Income Estimate for a Four-Person Family: Notice of the Federal Fiscal Year (FFY) 2011 State Median Income Estimates for Use Under the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP) (Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance Number 93.568) Administered by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), Administration for Children and Families, Office of Community Services, Division of Energy Assistance. 75 FR 26780.  https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2010-11287  Last accessed 01-Mar-2017.

State Median Income Estimate for a Four-Person Family: Notice of the Federal Fiscal Year (FFY) 2012 State Median Income Estimates for Use Under the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP). 76 FR 21750.  https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2011-8993  Last accessed 01-Mar-2017.

State Median Income Estimates for a Four-Person Household: Notice of the Federal Fiscal Year (FFY) 2013 State Median Income Estimates for Use Under the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP). 77 FR 15376.  https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2012-6220  Last accessed 01-Mar-2017.

State Median Income Estimates for a Four-Person Household: Notice of the Federal Fiscal Year (FFY) 2014 State Median Income Estimates for Use Under the Low Income Home Energy Assistance Program (LIHEAP). Division of Energy Assistance, Office of Community Services; Administration for Children and Families; Health and Human Services. 78 FR 28597.  https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2013-11575  Last accessed 01-Mar-2017.

Notice of LIHEAP State Median Income Estimates for FFY 2015, A Notice by the Children and Families Administration on 07/21/2014. 79 FR 42331.  https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2014-17063  Last accessed 01-Mar-2017.

The Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program Announces the State Median Income Estimates for Federal Fiscal Year 2016, A Notice by the Children and Families Administration on 06/10/2015. 80 FR 32958.  https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2015-14187  Last accessed 01-Mar-2017.

The Low-Income Home Energy Assistance Program Announces the State Median Income Estimates for Federal Fiscal Year 2017, A Notice by the Children and Families Administration on 08/23/2016. 81 FR 57589.  https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2016-19922  Last accessed 01-Mar-2017.

MINIMUM WAGE

Changes in Basic Minimum Wages in Non-Farm Employment Under State Law: Selected Years 1968-2016.  United States Department of Labor Wage and Hour Division. https://www.dol.gov/whd/state/stateMinWageHis.htm  Last accessed 20-Jul-2016.

PELL GRANTS

2004-2005 Expected Family Contribution (EFC) Formula Guide. 2003.  US Department of Education Information for Financial Aid Professionals (IFAP) Website.  https://ifap.ed.gov/eannouncements/attachments/1223EFCFormulaGuide0405.pdf   Last accessed 25-Aug-2017.

2005-2006 Expected Family Contribution (EFC) Formula Guide. 2004.  US Department of Education Information for Financial Aid Professionals (IFAP) Website.  https://ifap.ed.gov/efcinformation/attachments/0506EFCFormulaGuide.pdf  Last accessed 25-Aug-2017.

2006-2007 Expected Family Contribution (EFC) Formula Guide. 2005.  US Department of Education Information for Financial Aid Professionals (IFAP) Website.  https://ifap.ed.gov/efcinformation/attachments/0717EFCFormGuideJulyUpdateAttach.pdf  Last accessed 25-Aug-2017.

2006-2007 Expected Family Contribution (EFC) Formula Guide. 20xx.  US Department of Education Information for Financial Aid Professionals (IFAP) Website.  https://ifap.ed.gov/efcinformation/attachments/0607EFCFormulaGuideDecFinal.pdf Last accessed 25-Aug-2017.

2007-2008 Expected Family Contribution (EFC) Formula Guide. 2006.  US Department of Education Information for Financial Aid Professionals (IFAP) Website.  https://ifap.ed.gov/eannouncements/attachments/0708EFCFormulaGuide.pdf.  Last accessed 25-Aug-2017.

2008-2009 Expected Family Contribution (EFC) Formula Guide. 2007.  US Department of Education Information for Financial Aid Professionals (IFAP) Website.  https://ifap.ed.gov/efcformulaguide/attachments/111907EFCFormulaGuide0809.pdf. Last accessed 25-Aug-2017

2009-2010 Expected Family Contribution (EFC) Formula Guide. 2008.  US Department of Education Information for Financial Aid Professionals (IFAP) Website.  https://ifap.ed.gov/efcformulaguide/attachments/111408EFCFormulaGuide0910.pdf.  Last accessed 25-Aug-2017.

2010-2011 Expected Family Contribution (EFC) Formula Guide. 2009.  US Department of Education Information for Financial Aid Professionals (IFAP) Website.  https://ifap.ed.gov/efcformulaguide/attachments/111609EFCFormulaGuide20102011.pdf.    Last accessed 25-Aug-2017.

2010-2011 Expected Family Contribution (EFC) Formula Guide (updated). 2010.  US Department of Education Information for Financial Aid Professionals (IFAP) Website.  https://ifap.ed.gov/efcformulaguide/attachments/062810EFCFormulaGuideUpdate1011.pdf.  Last accessed 25-Aug-2017.

2011-2012 Expected Family Contribution (EFC) Formula Guide. 2010.  US Department of Education Information for Financial Aid Professionals (IFAP) Website.  https://ifap.ed.gov/efcformulaguide/attachments/101310EFCFormulaGuide1112.pdf. Last accessed 25-Aug-2017.

2012-2013 Expected Family Contribution (EFC) Formula Guide. 2011.  US Department of Education Information for Financial Aid Professionals (IFAP) Website.  https://ifap.ed.gov/efcformulaguide/attachments/082511EFCFormulaGuide1213.pdf.   Last accessed 25-Aug-2017.

2012-2013 Expected Family Contribution (EFC) Formula Guide (Updated). 2012.  US Department of Education Information for Financial Aid Professionals (IFAP) Website.  https://ifap.ed.gov/efcformulaguide/attachments/010512EFCFormulaGuide1213.pdf. Last accessed 25-Aug-2017.

2013-2014 Expected Family Contribution (EFC) Formula Guide. 2012.  US Department of Education Information for Financial Aid Professionals (IFAP) Website.  https://ifap.ed.gov/efcformulaguide/attachments/091312EFCFormulaGuide1314.pdf. Last accessed 25-Aug-2017

2014-2015 Expected Family Contribution (EFC) Formula Guide. 2013.  US Department of Education Information for Financial Aid Professionals (IFAP) Website.  https://ifap.ed.gov/efcformulaguide/attachments/091913EFCFormulaGuide1415.pdf Last accessed 25-Aug-2017.

2015-2016 Expected Family Contribution (EFC) Formula Guide. 2014.  US Department of Education Information for Financial Aid Professionals (IFAP) Website.  https://ifap.ed.gov/efcformulaguide/attachments/090214EFCFormulaGuide1516.pdf. Last accessed 25-Aug-2017.

2016-2017 Expected Family Contribution (EFC) Formula Guide. 2015.  US Department of Education Information for Financial Aid Professionals (IFAP) Website.  https://ifap.ed.gov/efcformulaguide/attachments/100615EFCFormulaGuide1617Attach.pdfLast accessed 25-Aug-2017.

2017-2018 Expected Family Contribution (EFC) Formula Guide. 2016.  US Department of Education Information for Financial Aid Professionals (IFAP) Website.  https://ifap.ed.gov/efcformulaguide/attachments/071416EFCFormulaGuide1718.pdf. Last accessed 25-Aug-2017.

2018-2019 Expected Family Contribution (EFC) Formula Guide. 2017.  US Department of Education Information for Financial Aid Professionals (IFAP) Website. https://ifap.ed.gov/efcformulaguide/attachments/071017EFCFormulaGuide1819.pdf. Last accessed 25-Jul-2017.

Federal Pell Grant Program Regular Payment Schedule for Determining Full-Time Scheduled Awards in the 1998-1999 Award Period, January 1998.  https://www.ifap.ed.gov/dpcletters/attachments/p-98-2.pdf  Last Accessed 14-Jul-2016.

Federal Pell Grant Program Regular Payment Schedule for Determining Full-Time Scheduled Awards in the 1999-2000 Award Period, January 1999. https://ifap.ed.gov/dpcletters/attachments/p99-2.pdf  Last Accessed 14-Jul-2016.

Federal Pell Grant Program Regular Payment Schedule for Determining Full-Time Scheduled Awards in the 2000-2001 Award Period, December 1999. https://www.ifap.ed.gov/dpcletters/attachments/p-99-9a.pdf  Last Accessed 14-Jul-2016.

Federal Pell Grant Program Regular Payment Schedule for Determining Full-Time Scheduled Awards in the 2001-2002 Award Period, December 2000.  https://ifap.ed.gov/dpcletters/attachments/p0003TableAFultime.PDF  Last Accessed 14-Jul-2016.

Federal Pell Grant Program Regular Payment Schedule for Determining Full-Time Scheduled Awards in the 2002-2003 Award Period, January 2002.  https://ifap.ed.gov/dpcletters/attachments/P0201a.pdf  Last Accessed 14-Jul-2016.

Federal Pell Grant Program Regular Payment Schedule for Determining Full-Time Scheduled Awards in the 2003-2004 Award Period, February 2003.  https://ifap.ed.gov/dpcletters/attachments/P0301A.pdf  Last Accessed 14-Jul-2016.

Federal Pell Grant Program Regular Payment Schedule for Determining Full-Time Scheduled Awards in the 2004-2005 Award Period, January 2004.  http://ifap.ed.gov/dpcletters/attachments/2004PaySched.pdf  Last Accessed 14-Jul-2016.

Federal Pell Grant Program Regular Payment Schedule for Determining Full-Time Scheduled Awards in the 2005-2006 Award Period, January 2005.  http://ifap.ed.gov/dpcletters/attachments/2005payschedrev.pdf  Last Accessed 14-Jul-2016.

Federal Pell Grant Program Regular Payment Schedule for Determining Full-Time Scheduled Awards in the 2006-2007 Award Period, January 2006.  http://ifap.ed.gov/dpcletters/attachments/2006paysched.pdf  Last Accessed 14-Jul-2016.

Federal Pell Grant Program Regular Payment Schedule for Determining Full-Time Scheduled Awards in the 2007-2008 Award Period, February 2007.  http://ifap.ed.gov/dpcletters/attachments/2007paysch.pdf  Last Accessed 14-Jul-2016.

Federal Pell Grant Program Payment Schedule for Determining Full-Time Scheduled Awards in the 2008-2009 Award Period, January 2008.  http://ifap.ed.gov/dpcletters/attachments/P0801Attach2008paysched2.pdf  Last Accessed 14-Jul-2016.

Federal Pell Grant Program Disbursement Schedule for Determining Full-Time Scheduled Awards in the 2009-2010 Award Period, February 2009.  http://www.ifap.ed.gov/dpcletters/attachments/P0901PaymentSchedules1D.xls  Last Accessed 14-Jul-2016.

Federal Pell Grant Program Payment Schedule for Determining Full-Time Scheduled Awards in the 2010-2011 Award Period, January 2010.  http://www.ifap.ed.gov/dpcletters/attachments/P1001Attachment.xls  Last Accessed 14-Jul-2016.

Federal Pell Grant Program Payment Schedule for Determining Full-Time Scheduled Awards in the 2011-2012 Award Period, February 2011.  http://www.ifap.ed.gov/dpcletters/attachments/P1101Attach.xls  Last Accessed 14-Jul-2016.

Federal Pell Grant Program Payment Schedule for Determining Full-Time Scheduled Awards in the 2012-2013 Award Period, January 2012.  http://www.ifap.ed.gov/dpcletters/attachments/P1201Attach20122013PellSchedules.xls  Last Accessed 14-Jul-2016.

Federal Pell Grant Program Payment Schedule for Determining Full-Time Scheduled Awards for the 2013-2014 Award Year, January 2013.  https://www.ifap.ed.gov/dpcletters/attachments/201314PellGrantPaymentandDisbursementSchedules.xlsx  Last Accessed 14-Jul-2016.

Federal Pell Grant Program Payment Schedule for Determining Full-Time Scheduled Awards for the 2014-2015 Award Year, January 2014.  https://www.ifap.ed.gov/dpcletters/attachments/20142015PellGrantPaymentandDisbursementSchedules.xlsx  Last Accessed 14-Jul-2016.

Federal Pell Grant Program Payment Schedule for Determining Full-Time Scheduled Awards for the 2015-2016 Award Year, January 2015.  https://www.ifap.ed.gov/dpcletters/attachments/GEN1502Attach.xlsx  Last Accessed 14-Jul-2016.

Federal Pell Grant Program Payment Schedule for Determining Full-Time Scheduled Awards for the 2016-2017 Award Year, January 2016.  https://ifap.ed.gov/dpcletters/attachments/GEN1601Attach.xlsx  Last Accessed 14-Jul-2016.

POVERTY GUIDELINES

Prior HHS Poverty Guidelines and Federal Register References, US Department of Health and Human Services Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation.  https://aspe.hhs.gov/prior-hhs-poverty-guidelines-and-federal-register-references  Last Accessed 23-Aug-16.